Civil society: the biggest pillar of democracy
A photo essay that uses archival photographs to narrate collective efforts of people across India in the post-independence era, in fights for dignity, constitutional values, human rights, and a more humane society.

The state in India tends to claim the vanguard’s role in facilitating radical social change through legal and administrative means. However, it is often the various oppressed social groups fighting for their rights that have demonstrated to the state, and the society at large, that there is nothing sectional about fighting for one’s rights. That the struggles for the rights of each one of us, are about ensuring the rights of every one of us. In this photo essay we try and tell the story of the India of a million mutinies, where claiming one’s human and constitutional rights often becomes a revolutionary act. The archival images of this piece narrate many collective efforts of people across India in the post-independence era, in fights for not only rights, but also for dignity and constitutional values, and for realizing the vision of a more humane society.
Bhoodan Movement

Place Unknown, 1951 – Vinoba Bhave
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org
Dalit Rights Movement

Delhi, 1955 – Dr. B R Ambedkar
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org
Self-Respect Movement

Rangoon, 1955 – E V Ramasamy with B R Ambedkar
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org
Chipko Movement

Uttarakhand, 1973
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org
Trade Unions

Mumbai, 2004
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org/Soman
Popular Science Movement

Place Unknown, 2009 Delhi, 2011
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org/Neon
‘India Against Corruption’ Protest

Delhi, 2011
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org/HemantBanswal
Queer Rights Movement

Bengaluru, 2009 – Bengaluru Pride March Delhi, 2012
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org/VinayakDas
Women’s Rights Protest

Delhi, 2012
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org/NilanjanaRoy
Disability Rights Movement

Delhi, 2015 Nandurbar District, Maharashtra, 2017
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org/MinistryofSocialJusticeandEmpowerment
Narmada Bachao Andolan: Fighting for the Rights of the Displaced

Nandurbar District, Maharashtra, 2017
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org/Nnnamaharashtra
Farmers’ Protests

Delhi, 2020
Photo credit: commons.wikimedia.org/RandeepMaddoke